Sat 22 Sep 2007
I simply can’t resist sharing more Sun Tzu with you, especially as I unravel Taoist thinking for myself. A little bit about me: I’ve practiced martial arts and dabbled in healing arts for over eleven years and have been aware that both arts dip their philosophies in Taoism. So, in reading Taoist philosopy on both these arts, I was struck but not surprised by the emphasis placed on their similarities, i.e. they both deal with disharmony and both believe that the knowledge of a problem is also key to its solution.
For example, in The Book of Balance and Harmony (Chung-ho chi/Zhongho ji), a medieval Taoist work, states, “Deep knowledge of principle knows without seeing, strong practice of the Way accomplishes without striving. Deep knowledge is to ‘know without going out the door, see the way of heaven without looking out the window.’ Strong action is to ‘grow ever stronger, adapting to all situations.” (Art of War: an illustrated edition, trans. Thomas Cleary, introduction, p. 11)
Deep knowledge is to be aware of disturbance before disturbance, to be aware of knowledge of danger before danger, to be aware of destruction before destruction, to be aware of calamity before calamity. Strong action is training the body without being burdened by the body, exercising the mind without being used by the mind, working in the world without being affected by the world, carrying out tasks without being obstructed by tasks.By deep knowledge of principle, one can change disturbance into order, change danger into safety, change destruction into survival, change calamity into fortune. By strong action on the Way, one can bring the body to the realm of longevity, bring the mind to the sphere of mystery, bring the world to great peace, and bring tasks to great fulfillment.
Taoist literature, then, strives to help develop special sensitivity and responsiveness to master living situations.
…Indeed, to be able to do something before it exists, sense something before it becomes active, see something before it sprouts, are three abilities that develop interdependently. Then nothing is sensed but is comprehended, nothing is undertaken without response, nowhere does one go without benefit (The Book of Balance and Harmony as quoted in The Art of War, p. 13).
Here’s a quote on martial arts:
In martial arts, it is important that strategy be unfathomable, that form be concealed, and that movements be unexpected, so that preparedness against them be impossible. What enables a good general to win without fail is always having unfathomable wisdom and a modus operandi that leaves no tracks. Only the formless cannot be affected. Sages hide in unfathomability, so their feelings cannot be observed; they operate in formlessness, so their lines cannot be crossed (The Art of War, p. 16).
On the heart, strength and adaptation:
“Using order to deal with the disorderly, using calm to deal with the clamorous, is mastering the heart…Standing your ground awaiting those far away, awaiting the weary in comfort, awaiting the hungry with full stomachs, is mastering strength…Avoiding confrontation with orderly ranks and not attacking great formations is mastering adaptation” (pp. 158-60).
On benefit and harm:
“Therefore the considerations of the intelligent always include both benefit and harm. As they consider benefit, their work can expand; as they consider harm, their troubles can be resolved” (p. 165).
On the importance of consistency:
“If you are inconsistent in your feelings, you will lose dignity and trust” (Wang Xi, p. 217).
